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Does Vancouver really have a new pollution problem as cars idle because of the bleeping bike lanes?

November 26th, 2014 · 56 Comments

There was a little one-liner that kept surfacing during the recent Vancouver election, one that I’ve heard from more than one letter writer, which is that Vancouver is actually becoming less environmentally friendly by putting in bike lanes. That’s because the complicated lanes and lights and subsequent congestion are forcing drivers to idle longer as they wait to make right turns, from Hornby to Georgia, for example, or just idle longer because of the general congestion.

I realize some people will think this falls into the category of Obvious Logical Fallacies Not Worth Refuting, but we reporters like to check things out anyway. So I called Metro Vancouver to see if the air-quality monitoring done by the regional district has a measure for anything downtown or near a bike lane and what those measurements are.

Sure enough, they do.

There is a monitoring station in Robson Square near the Hornby bike lane. This is what it has shown over the years.

Metro Vancouver monitors air quality at 28 stations from Horseshoe Bay to Hope.  One of our air quality monitoring stations is located in downtown Vancouver within Robson Square and adjacent to the Hornby bike lane.  (It was closed for two years during construction at Robson Square.) Here are some annual average pollutant statistics from the downtown Vancouver air quality monitoring station (these two elements are considered to be reliable markers of car emissions):

 

Pollutant 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994  1995
NO2 [ppb] 29.7 N/A N/A 32.2 29.5 32.2 30.6 30.6 33.1 30.7 29.2 24  26.3
CO [ppm] 1.9 2.02 2.52 2.25 2.22 2.02 2.13 1.77 1.5 1.39 1.26 1.09  1.17

 

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
NO2 [ppb] 27 28.5 29 27.3 26.6 25.6 25.4 24.8 22.8 24.3 24.3 22.6 22 21.5
CO [ppm] 1 0.96 0.93 0.83 0.83 0.75 0.71 0.64 0.61 0.56 0.51 0.39 0.26 0.25
2010 2011 2012  2013
NO2 [ppb] N/A N/A 19.2 18
CO [ppm] N/A N/A 0.25 0.28

 

 

As you can see, the emissions levels are is going down.

I also got links to a couple of other reports that were vastly more detailed and, for me, impossible to draw a single conclusion from, especially because they weren’t historical comparisons for the most part. By some measures, downtown Vancouver seems to have the highest levels of some pollutants, but it seems that it has always been higher because of the volume of traffic in a small space; by others, places like Port Moody, because of the oil refinery and tanker traffic, were higher. I link to them here and here for you to draw your unbiased conclusions from.

Just to be sure I wasn’t misinterpreting, I also talked to Derek Jennejohn, a senior air-quality engineer at Metro Vancouver.

He said that generally emissions levels in downtown Vancouver are declining.

“This is one of our most traffic-impacted stations. Even so, its levels are still coming down.” He said that’s likely in part because of new fuels and emissions controls. “The volumes of traffic might be higher but the cars are cleaner.”

I realize this still leaves the door wide open for other arguments about how Vancouver is going to hell in a handbasket — the emissions are declining because NO ONE WILL COME DOWNTOWN ANY MORE, IT’S A WASTELAND, for example. But I’ll leave that for another day.

Categories: Uncategorized

  • Ken Ohrn

    OMG — by refuting this twaddle, you have brought it up again. And the trolls will seize upon it and repeat the debunked nonsense for yet another round in the great Internet echo-chamber.

  • Rob Baxter

    Whenever people bring up this point I ask if they can provide any examples of cities that have reduced pollution or GHG emission by reducing idling. There doesn’t seem to be any. There are cities that have reduced pollution by adding more cycling infrastructure and limiting car use.

  • Mark

    Before even looking at this, shouldn’t we be fact checking the “increased congestion” part first?

    Everything I’ve been seeing has been saying that traffic volumes in the downtown core have dropped to ~1970’s levels.

    On the two downtown streets where separated lanes were installed, traffic studies showed only a ~30 sec increase of end to end travel time during peak hours. No impact outside of peak.

    For the painted door zone lanes, I can’t image those have any impact at all, as no lanes were removed for them and traffic flow certainly doesn’t slow down when overtaking bikes in them.

    If it actually does take longer to drive from the suburbs into the city then it did 20 years ago, I’d think that the increased volume of cars of the roads would be by far the largest cause of that than a handful of pieces of bike infrastructure.

  • francesbula

    I am a lonely person, with only trolls for company.

  • Chris Keam

    The data is clearly more fake than the Apollo program. Everybody knows the Bike Lobby is in the pocket of Big Air.

  • boohoo

    Yeah, I didn’t think anyone was actually serious about this.

  • Ken Ohrn

    Oh Chris — you’ve got it so wrong. “Big Air” is just a red herring. The All-Powerful Bike Lobby is really just a dupe (or a fellow traveler) of Big Health, that shadowy cabal of misguided zealots whose avowed aim is longer healthy lives for everyone.

  • Richard Campbell

    Driving to work is down and cycling, walking and transit use have increased in the areas east of Dunsmuir. A pretty good indication that pollution as well will be decreasing. http://richardcampbell.org/2013/08/06/driving-to-work-down-east-of-dunsmuir/

  • Richard Campbell

    As well, the short delays are likely due in part to the protected signal phases for cycling and walking.

    In NYC, there has been a significant reduction in pedestrian injures due to protected signal phases and other safety measures introduced when bike lanes were built.
    http://richardcampbell.org/2014/11/24/protected-bike-lanes-great-for-pedestrian-safety/

    Even if some people don’t care about safety, they should know that collisions especially those causing injuries lead to huge traffic jams. A few seconds a day is a very small price to pay for less injuries and fewer huge traffic jams.

  • peakie

    Page 8 of
    metrovancouver.org/about/publications/Publications/2013_LFV_AQ_Monitoring_Report.pdf

    “Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) – 2013
    Monitoring results for all PM2.5 monitoring stations with sufficient data requirements are shown in Figure S8. The Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard values for two stations are not shown in Figure S8 because the data are incomplete for the year.

    …Metro Vancouver’s 24-hour PM2.5 objective was exceeded at five stations in 2013. Exceedances occurred during three separate periods on January 20-22, October 19-20 and November 25-26.
    Elevated levels of regional PM2.5 can occur when high pressure weather systems are present. Typically experienced in the summer, 2013 had three occurrences of high pressure systems which contributed to PM2.5 exceedances in the fall and winter. During these times regional and local emissions sources combined with stagnant atmospheric conditions led to elevated PM levels.”

    BUT see worries in Paris [ airqualitynow.eu/city_info/paris/page2.php ]
    aqicn.org/city/paris/

    And the usual summer debate: theguardian.com/environment/2014/mar/17/paris-worse-air-pollution-beijing

    And Kits, “It’s Organic!” 😉

    http://aqicn.org/city/british-comlumbia/vancouver-kitsilano/

  • sthrendyle

    Since moving back here in 2009, I have been constantly amazed at how easy it is to drive downtown; from making the tricky left hand turn at Alberni and Georgia to get back to the North Shore to negotiation the Hellish H streets that have confused me from day one (Hornby, Howe, Helmcken, Hastings, Haro, Homer, etc.) I’d ride my bike but it’s so easy to find parking, now.

  • spartikus

    Meanwhile, pgs S-3 & S-4 of your own cite show a long-term decline of all particulates except ozone.

  • Internet made me obsolete

    Whether they like it or not.

  • Eri

    As mentioned, vehicles are more efficient than they used to be. Far more. This is obviously a factor. Nevertheless, there are areas where there is much more vehicle idling, Beach eastbound and Burrard is one. Dunsmuir westbound at various intersections too. Hornby is best avoided so Seymour becomes clogged.

    I can inform you that high rent people in the financial industry have told me that they are seriously considering relocating their offices out of downtown because clients do not want to go downtown anymore because of the hassles. I also know of another that has moved out.

    The same thing happened in many US cities. Once the law firms follow the financial services, then the dentists and perhaps a design studio and then an ad agency and an architectural practice. The cafes and restaurants follow too. A critical mass is established and the old city loses a growing chunk of triple A commercial renters.

    A couple of years ago the architectural critic and writer Trevor Boddy, correctly warned of a looming shortage of commercial office space in the downtown Vancouver core. Westcoat Energy had become Cube condos and, just in time, the architectural firm IBI succeeded in stopping the condo conversion of Arthur Erickson’s Evergreen Building on Pender. During this time a moratorium on condo conversions was brought in.

    Once again Vancouver is gradually discouraging commercial activity by over emphasizing the resort lifestyle of the wealthy Spandex crowd.

    Vancouver increasingly becomes a place for the haves and the have nots. That’s why we see such massive and increasing volumes of upper middle class vehicles heading in and out daily to Richmond, North Vancouver, Surrey, Coquitlam, Langley and beyond.

  • Chris Keam

    Between the looming automation of many financial and accounting tasks and other workplace trends, I’m not sure that building commercial space for that industry would be a winning play.

    http://www.forbes.com/sites/danschawbel/2013/11/05/top-8-workplace-trends-in-the-financial-services-industry/

  • Internet made me obsolete

    Because robots and computers will do all the work, right? Everyone can stay at home and travel, study and socialize and wage war through telepresence , rather than in person. No need for cars or bikes or roads or planes or the planet-killing poison that fuels them. Deliveries will be by solar-powered drone. Everyone will be happy and healthy and won’t worry about things over which they have no control.
    Sounds like somebody has been reading too much sci-fi or maybe too much Kurzweil. What CK likes to call trends are just wishful dreams. Won’t happen until we have all had a chip implanted in our heads. Then everyone will be the same, no arguments or disagreements, no whiners and cranks. We’ll all know everything thanks to our implanted Google connection and we’ll all know the very same thing.
    Wouldn’t it be great?

  • Chris Keam

    eponysterical. Apparently hyperbolic nonsense is the industry of the future.

  • Chris Keam

    From those dirty commies at the Economist:

    “Innovation has brought great benefits to humanity. Nobody in their right mind would want to return to the world of handloom weavers. But the benefits of technological progress are unevenly distributed, especially in the early stages of each new wave, and it is up to governments to spread them. In the 19th century it took the threat of revolution to bring about progressive reforms. Today’s governments would do well to start making the changes needed before their people get angry.”

    http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21594298-effect-todays-technology-tomorrows-jobs-will-be-immenseand-no-country-ready

  • TessaGarnet

    Beautiful theory, but completely wrong:There is empirical evidence, again, that proves this wrong:

    -Downtown is experiencing a commercial office boom at the moment: including, among several others, the Telus building under construction. If you look at vacancy rates across the region, areas near Skytrain, including downtown, have much lower vacancy rates than suburban offices: http://www.biv.com/article/2014/11/metro-vancouver-office-vacancies-shift-suburbs-and/

    -On your other point, that downtown is somehow losing critical mass of people, the number of total trips to downtown is not decreasing, but rather increasing. This is happening even as the number of cars entering downtown is decreasing, which means, in reality, there is less car congestion (and less idling) today than in 1996, when car travel downtown peaked, in spite of bike lanes, and that drop in congestion is partly made possible by an increase in cycling, and partly of course by increased transit use, walking mode share and population increases: http://pricetags.wordpress.com/2012/06/25/extraordinary-facts-2010-downtown-traffic-volumes-1965/

    How cycling has improved congestion on some routes: http://richardcampbell.org/2013/06/29/dunsmuir-cycling-up/

    So, in short, downtown is in no way in danger of losing its importance as the business centre of the region, regardless of what your contacts have allegedly said, and neither is the city focusing on resortification: cycling infrastructure is being put in place because it helps people get to and from work, stores and where they want to go, and because the space is there as people move away from cars on their own.

  • Internet made me obsolete

    Not doing too badly in the present day. Why wait?

  • Gerald Dobronov

    One thing for sure, the bike lanes weren’t an obvious issue in the election. But all the same, I’m glad I don’t have to drive downtown on a regular basis.

  • Chris Keam

    Well, there’s a lot of people working on those wishful dreams. So, what’s your prediction? Anyone can sit around as say ‘it’ll never happen.’ What do you think will happen in the coming years? It would be useful if you contributed something worthwhile to the discussion instead of just tearing down others. Thanks.

  • Eri

    The article you cite says that millennials want more interaction with their financial consultants, albeit an on-line one. So where will these consultants be working, at home using Skype? No more trading floors at banks, no more insurance offices, no more brokerage firms trading either. Everyone is at home in their pyjamas, walking around with a Bluetooth ear plug.

    Might as well convert all those office blocks into condos.

    Is this happening soon Chris?

  • Chris Keam

    Please don’t use the Mr Obsolete schtick of exaggerating a single concept to the point of hyperbole. I provided two fairly reputable sources discussing trends relevant to the issue of office space requirements — that run counter to your anonymous anecdotes. Tessa’s comments (in my opinion) are an even stronger rebuttal of your position, using local stats in the here and now. You might have more to gain by proving her wrong than attacking my ‘wishful thinking’ LOL.

  • Brilliant

    I would think robots are just as capable of turning out doodles for cartoons, yet Gregor seems to think that is an industry which can replace resource extraction.

  • Chris Keam

    “A new comment was posted on http://francesbula.com/Brilliant

    I would think robots are just as capable of turning out doodles for cartoons, yet Gregor seems to think that is an industry which can replace resource extraction.

    12:09 p.m., Sunday Nov. 30″

    Do you live in Vancouver Brilliant?

  • jenables

    Well to be fair, Tessa, it can’t be empirical evidence if it hasn’t happened yet. That article was mostly predicting future suburban vacancies that will occur when major office projects downtown complete. I’m wondering if you have data regarding the number of trips increasing, and if you know how they differentiate between people who already live downtown, as there is certainly a much larger residential population than in 1996!

  • Chris Keam

    “Many of the jobs most at risk are lower down the ladder (logistics, haulage), whereas the skills that are least vulnerable to automation (creativity, managerial expertise) tend to be higher up, so median wages are likely to remain stagnant for some time and income gaps are likely to widen.”

    (from the linked Economist piece)

    Brilliant:
    Please do make some attempt at scanning the provided information and understanding the issue before excreting your opinion. It’s unlikely to add anything useful to the conversation, but it might make you look less like the antithesis of your screen name.

  • Brilliant

    Ah Chris I’m always so glad Frances runs these bike posts as it brings the The Bike Lobbyists scurrying in to parrot some propaganda.

  • Chris Keam

    “Ah Chris I’m always so glad Frances runs these bike posts as it brings the The Bike Lobbyists scurrying in to parrot some propaganda.

    10:03 p.m., Sunday Nov. 30”

    What part of the Eastern time zone are you posting from?

  • Andrew Eisenberg

    I wish this were true. My company (a software startup) is looking for space downtown. Our employees do not want to work anywhere else (due to the hassles of getting anywhere else by transit). So, downtown it is. If only financial services would move out, rents would get cheaper for us.

    However, I doubt this and see little evidence of companies leaving the downtown core.

  • Jeff Leigh

    Jen, it has happened. The article states “Despite its recent rises, downtown Vancouver’s office vacancy rate is consistently below that of the region” That counters the anecdotal comments about companies fleeing the downtown core for the suburbs. They may be doing so, but if so they are being replaced at a greater rate than they are leaving.

    Data on trips comes from different sources.

    For a summary of population and job changes compared to vehicles entering both the City, and the downtown core, look in the Transportation 2040 plan. Summary: From 1996 to 2011, for the city, population was up 18%, jobs were up 16%, and cars counted crossing the screen lines were down 5%. For the same period, for the downtown core, population was up 75%, jobs were up 26%, and cars counted across the screen lines were down 20%. Full plan here: http://tinyurl.com/Transportation-2040

    Other data is available from the Translink Metro Vancouver Regional Trip Diary (analytic report). Look to page 39 for Vancouver/UEL (no breakdown for the downtown core). You can see where trips originate and end, and compare trips and mode share, with data up through 2011.

    http://tinyurl.com/Trip-Diary-Analytic-Report

  • jenables

    Rents don’t generally get cheaper, Andrew… But considering all that supply coming online you might be in luck. 😉 Plus, the mayor is enamored with your industry, so maybe you should start there? Just make sure you call it green tech (whatever that means)

  • jenables

    It’s a little confusing overall, saying the vacancy rate has risen but is still lower than the suburbs. mind you, I’ve been sick since Friday, it’s freezing in here but I refuse to close the window. Is that bad? Jay says it is but I hate breathing stuffy air. Thanks for the links, will check them out now.

  • Eri

    You should go back and read the article in Forbes. As I said before, millennials are calling for more interaction, not less. … Why bother, your mind is always made up…yawn

  • Eri

    It is healthy to be self-confident but I do wonder, are you as pompous in person?

  • Chris Keam

    My understanding is that the topic is air quality, or tangentially, office space requirements in downtown Vancouver. Let’s stick to those topics please. My personality is irrelevant.

  • Chris Keam

    The very first point from the linked Forbes article:

    “1. The Internet will be used to engage with millennial employees and customers

    Millennials are looking for more engagement from financial advisors and banks. They want advisors to connect with them using online tools instead of face-to-face conversations like they typically would have with older generations. 61% want video meetings with advisors and 57% will change financial advisors for a tech setting.”

    Feel free to provide some evidence that the financial services industry is expecting to hire more people to meet the needs of Millenials, and that this need will translate into a higher or continued demand for downtown office space. My mind is very open to strong arguments with a basis in good data. But the diminishing need for personnel in financial services and a host of other industries seems fairly well-accepted as far as I can tell.

  • Kirk

    Just a friendly service announcement reminder to all my cycling friends on here, watch out for black ice!

    On the way home from walking the kids to school, I saw a guy wipe out while going around a residential traffic circle. That’s was enough of a change in direction/momentum along with the frost, and bam…. slide…… Thankfully, he was okay. But, I’m sure his wrists and side will be sore.

    I saw someone eat it at the same spot last winter too. So, for me to see it twice in the same spot while just randomly walking by, I figure there must be a few cyclist going down there each day.

  • Brilliant

    Ya got me Chris . Since losing the mayors race in TO I’ve been laying the groundwork to bring Ford Nation to Vancouver. LOL.

    Or it might just be the timestamp on the Rogers network. Take your pick.

  • Chris Keam

    Well, there you go. You get to say something intelligent and believable for once. You’re welcome.

  • penguinstorm

    Extremely short sighted and narrow viewpoint. Offices are not disappearing because of “automation of…financial and accounting tasks.” People are still people, and collaboration still happens in person FAR more than it happens remotely.

    Vancouver’s risk on this is the flight of jobs as these functions are centralized into Head Offices, most of which are not here. This has been a long term trend–I reviewed a city study of the issue almost a decade ago–and for every new Microsoft or Amazon office opening there’s another that’s moving high value jobs back to their head office.

    Vancouver is a branch office town, and branch offices are smaller than ever. This is going to be a city of sales people and business development representatives–may god have mercy on our soul.

  • Chris Keam

    I don’t understand how using the present to attempt a rebuttal of my post as short-sighted computes. Are you suggesting that ‘Guest’ (formerly Eri – not sure what’s up with that) is right in that we have a shortage of commercial space in the present and future that condo-fication of existing buildings is creating?

    Whatever one’s opinion, the data is available and the trends are pretty well-documented. There’s a shrinking need for people to push paper in the long term.

  • Chris Keam

    “In an influential paper, Autor, Levy, and Murnane (2003) provide a compelling explanation: they found that middle-skilled manufacturing and clerical occupations are characterised by a high intensity of procedural, rule-based activities which they call “routine tasks”. As it happens, these routine tasks can relatively easily be coded into computer programs.

    Therefore, the rapid improvements in computer technology over the last few decades have provided employers with ever cheaper machines that can replace humans in many middle-skilled activities such as bookkeeping, clerical work and repetitive production tasks. These improvements in technology also enable employers to offshore some of the routine tasks that cannot be directly replaced by machines (Autor 2010).”

    http://www.voxeu.org/article/job-polarisation-and-decline-middle-class-workers-wages

  • jenables

    Oh, I guess we can chalk that up to infrastructure. My comments got moderated on vancitybuzz (guess I know why I don’t bother with that site most of the time) and many of them were deleted for pointing out that people fall off bikes for reasons other than cars/infrastructure. I actually copied the comment I was trying to post there with no luck. Here it is:

    “I replied to this twice and I’m starting to think I’m going nuts. Short form. Human bodies don’t last forever, as estrogen levels in females decline bone density declines, bones break easier. Yes it’s good to be active but that doesn’t mean your vision doesn’t decline, your joints don’t wear out and your balance gets worse.

    Reasons people can fall while cycling: snow, ice, gravel, leaves, pedestrians, dogs, pant leg, shoelace, mechanical issues, rain, mud, not paying attention, not looking in front of you, etc etc. It’s really not fair to blame cars and infrastructure for everything. Operator error and weather are a reality.”

    Yes, contentious stuff right there. People do fall off bikes though, and that’s not something we need to pretend doesn’t happen. Thanks Kirk.

  • pwlg

    And when did the Port install onshore power systems so ships no longer had to run their diesel engines to generate power? One of the large container ships produces the same emissions from their 110,000HP diesel engines as 50 million cars according to a story in the Guardian. So the next time you talk to the folks at Metro Vancouver Air Quality ask them how much of that reduction has to do with the Port installing onshore power systems for ships tied up? Or how much had to do with automobiles being more efficient, when they’re running and not stopped at traffic lights?

  • pwlg

    PS I have no problem with bike lanes but i do have problems with bikes getting priority at intersections on regional arterial roadways. Until Metro installs smart traffic light systems like LA cars stopped at traffic lights will continue to pump out more emissions than if they were moving.

  • pwlg

    According to the last census, 2011, less than 2% of the region’s over 15 and employed used a bike to get to work. There are 4 times more people going to work by walking. So shouldn’t we be investing more money into wider sidewalks and safer intersections for pedestrians?

  • pwlg

    Would expensive parking rates have anything to do with traffic volume decreases in the downtown core? Or would less jobs in the downtown core be another reason there is less traffic.

    And I’d sure like to know what “everything I’ve been seeing” evidence you can cite for your figure that traffic volumes have dropped to 1970 levels. It wasn’t until 1972 when the transit system no longer paid for itself from its fare box revenue.

    A small percentage of people from the “burbs” actually travel into the City of Vancouver for work. What I’ve noticed is the increase number of vehicles during the PM rush period heading into the region’s core, north and westbound, including Vancouver. So perhaps there is a reversal of traffic patterns as less jobs are available for those that live in Vancouver.

  • pwlg

    It took all of less than 1 minute to find this:

    http://ti.org/Congestion&GHGs.pdf

    Traffic Congestion and Greenhouse Gases, University of California,

    “…we have estimated how three improvements in managing traffic operations can reduce CO2 emissions:

    Congestion mitigation strategies that reduce severe congestion and increase traffic speeds (e.g. ramp metering, incident management, and congestion pricing);

    Speed management strategies that bring down excessive speeds to more moderate speeds of approximately 55 mph (e.g. enforcement and ISA); and

    Traffic smoothing strategies that reduce the number and intensity of
    acceleration and deceleration events (e.g. variable speed limits and ISA).

    Using typical conditions on Southern California freeways as an example, our research has shown that each of the three traffic-management strategies above could reduce CO2 emissions by 7 to 12 percent. All three strategies in combination could reduce CO2 emissions by approximately 30 percent.”

    LA is installing smart traffic lights to “smooth” and sync traffic flow, managing it for movement rather than engineering congestion through constriction or badly or non-synched traffic lights. They are seeing great results and will meet the U of C projections.

    The big issue for bicycle mode in this area is the days of cold grey wet days. The mode share is still quite low but there is an increase in people using bikes and walking in the core of the city.